Spesis Pokok Kelapa

There are two recognized types of coconut varieties: the a) dwarf and the b) tall variety. These are simply distinguished according to its height. Dwarf coconuts are usually early maturing. It produces nuts during its earlier years compared to the tall varieties. Tall varieties however yield more nuts than dwarf varieties. Description of some studied coconut varieties are indicated below:

Nomenclature and Description of Some Selected Coconut Varieties.

VARIETY	CODE	ORIGIN	DISTINGUISHING FEATURES
TALL
West African	WAT	Ivory coast	Nuts are distinctively angular and ridged at equatorial region; high nut producer often exceeding 100 nuts per year; homogenous; good GCA with MYD
Rennel	RIT	Solomon Is.	Very precocious palms with generally pear-shaped nuts; long peduncle and good fruit composition; copra per nut is 300 grams; very homogenous and uniform; good GCA with MYD and MRD.
Baybay	BAY	Philippines	Copra per nut is quite heavy although nuts do not really look big; very thin husk; homogenous and produces high number of leaves per year; bunches with short peducle and nuts are trapped between leaf axils; stem quite robust and firm; tolerant to FDMT.
San Ramon	SNR	Philippines	Usually bears extra large nuts when young needing 3 to 3.5 nuts per kilo copra.
Tagnanan	TAG	Philippines	Produces nuts with good fruit corn position; 350 g copra per nut and very homogenous; good GCA with MRD
Tahiti	TAT	Tahiti	High nut producer (116 per year); very heterogeneous and susceptible to leaf spots
Markham Valley	MVT	Papua New Guinea	Very robust trunk; big nuts with very thick husk
Gazelle Peninsula Tall	GPT	Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu	VTT	Vanuatu	Produces many but small nuts and resistant to FDMT
Laguna	LAG	Philippines	Produces a fairly large number of nuts; 190 g copra/nut; hybrid cross with CAT green dwarf good
Andaman Giant	AGT	India	A strong and robust palm showing gigantic features. Leaves are long, petioles are long and thick, leaflets are long and wide. Nuts are very large and round with about 190g copra/nut. No toddy yield.
Bali	BAT	Indonesia	Fruits are large and round, unhusked nuts prominently flat-bottomed with pointed posterior. Copra per nut is 200 to 300g with some having as high as 450g.
Jamaica	JAM	Jamaica	Slender palm with slightly curved stem covered with rough leaf scars. Fruits are oblong and large, angular, green or brown with thick husk and shell. Late germinating in the Caribbean Islands and Atlantico Alto.
Bodiri	BDR	Sri Lanka	Bears 50 to 100 small nuts per bunch, copra per nut very low at 50g needing 20 nuts for a kilo of copra. Same as Maphrao-Phuang in Thailand.
Agta	AGA	Philippines	Husk of nut is streaked, making it look around and tough. Young nuts show black streaks
Laccadive	LCT	India	Similar to West Coast Tall (WCT) except for high oil content (72%). Nuts are medium sized and high yielder of toddy. Flower production and setting percentage are high.
Malayan	MLT	Malaysia	Robust palm with round stem and large bole. The base of the button has a rose-ring which can be seen clearly when perianth is removed. Large spherical fruit has a thin shell, sweet aromatic water and an average of 275g copra.
Macapuno	MAC	Philippines	A mutant form of the Laguna variety, nuts have soft and jelly-like meat. This character is lethal to the embryo which needs to be grown in artificial medium. Naturally occurring palms grown from normal nuts bear about 25%. MAC nuts may give 100% macapuno nuts.
Igoh Dukuh	IGD	Indonesia	Nuts have very thin husk and the shape of the shell conforms to the shape of the whole nut all the way. Shows high biennial bearing tendency.
DWARF
Catigan	CAT	Philippines	Nuts are medium sized, round with prominent stigmatic tip; copra per nut is about 200 to210g; husk is thick; peduncle and bunch rachis are long; young nuts and petioles are green.
Coconino	CNO	Philippines	Nuts are very small, oblong and smooth; stem quite thin and high yielder of toddy. Copra per nut seldom exceeds 100g. Coconino is a green dwarf.
Kinabalan	KIN	Philippines	Green dwarf, nuts are extra large, robust stem and copra per nut sometimes exceeds 300g; homogeneous.
Pilipog	PIL	Philippines	Nuts are green and round; female flowers, tip of roots and base of shoots of newly germinated seedlings are pink; copra per nut is 100g.
Tacunan	TAC	Philippines	Another green dwarf; spikelets are very short; nuts are medium to large oblong with broad equatorial diameter and pointed stigmatic; and unopened spathes are flat on distal end.
Aromatic	ARO	Thailand	Leaves are short with wide leaflets; male flowers are small and numerous; nuts are deep green when immature; sweet water and meat; mature nuts show a navel at the eye when split-opened.
Brazilian Green dwarf	BGD	Brazil	Very marked dwarfism; good fruit composition; nuts are rounder but much smaller than CAT or TAC nuts
Sri Lanka Green dwarf	SGD	Sri Lanka	Nuts small and prominently long with protruding stigmatic tip; strictly autogamous with numerous female flowers.
Malayan Yellow Dwarf	MYD	Malaysia	Hybrid cross with WAT called WAWA is high yielding; young nuts and petioles of leaves are yellow; great tendency for alternate bearing; nuts with thin husk and low meat content; autogamous; sensitive to Phytoptora fruit rot
Malayan Red Dwarf	MRD	Malaysia	Young nuts and petiole of leaves are bright orange; nuts thicker; self-pollinating; cross with RIT, TAG and BAY are very promising; sensitive to Phytoptora fruit rot
Niuleka	NLA	Fiji	Local green dwarf variety of Fiji with very short internodes and very dense crown; short, rigid leaves with closely-spaced wide leaflet and short stubby spadices. Predominantly cross-pollinating with large fruits.
Chowgat Orange Dwarf	COD	India	Found in Central kerala, COD is early bearing and produces medium-sized orange colored nuts with 135g copra. This variety retains unfertilized female at spike.
Mangipod	MGP	Philippines	A green dwarf which retains hundred of ripe nuts on the crown due to drying of nuts on the tree. Highly self-pollinating and shows very strict dwarfism.
Gangabondam	GGB	India	An intermediate variety which breeds 96% tru-to-type although showing a mixture of dwarf and tall characteristics; shows considerable variability in copra per nut rangin from 150 to 230 g with high oil content of 72%.
King Coconut (Gon Thembili)	GTB	Sri Lanka	Most famous coconut of Sri Lanka known for its high quality water. Shows a bole and somewhat larger trunk than dwarfs but highly self-pollinating.
Spicata	SPI		Produces unbrached inflourescences with more female flowers than male; may occur in tall or dwarfs and when open-pollinated, some may produce unbranched inflourescence while others may not.
Tampakan	TMP	Philippines	Nuts are long and pointed. Shape of shell and cavity conforms exactly to the shape of inhole nut which has a very thin husk.

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